UDC 343

DOI 10.37749/2308-9639-2025-6(270)-5

O. O. Dudorov, Professor of the Department of Criminal Legal Policy and Criminal Law of the Educational and Scientific Institute of Law of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Doctor of Law, Professor,

R. O. Movchan, Professor of the Department of Constitutional, International and Criminal Law of Vasyl Stus Donetsk National University, Doctor of Law, Professor

ILLEGAL ACTIVITIES WITH AMBER: ON SOME DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING CRIMINAL LAW TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE JUDICIAL PRACTICE OF ITS APPLICATION

Among all the torts, the rules on liability for the commission of which are consolidated within the framework of Section V III of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine (hereinafter referred to as the Criminal Code) “Criminal Offenses against the Environment”, one of the most widespread, despite the war, remains the illegal extraction, sale, purchase, transfer, shipment, transportation, processing of amber, a mineral called the “gold of the Ukrainian people” and the illegal extraction of which is among the top ten most profitable criminal businesses, as stipulated in Article 240-1 of the Criminal Code. The study of case law materials and statistical data, unfortunately, does not allow us to agree with the statement of some authors that after the decrease in the price of amber in the world, the business of its extraction became uninteresting for criminals [1].

LIST OF REFERENCES

  1. Ilchyshen I. Amber has become cheaper in the world. How will this affect Ukrainian production? Economic Truth. January 17, 2024. URL: https://www.epravda.com.ua/columns/2024/01/17/708811/ (access date: 1.03.2024).
  2. Decision of the Volyn Court of Appeal dated February 10, 2022 in case No. 162/214/20. URL: https://reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/103261124 (date of application: 03/1/2024).
  3. Mostepanyuk L. O., Pavlovska A. A. Analysis of the elements of a crime provided for in Article 240-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Bulletin of the Penitentiary Association of Ukraine. 2020. No. 2. P. 126–133.
  4. Netesa N. V. Criminal liability for violation of rules for the protection or use of subsoil: monograph. Kharkiv: Pravo, 2013. 304 p.
  5. Verdict of the Rokytnivskyi District Court of Rivne Region dated August 2, 2022 in case No. 571/764/21. URL: https://reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/105517435 (date of application: 03/1/2024).
  6. Verdict of the Sarny District Court of Rivne Region dated September 9, 2022 in case No. 572/1805/22. URL: https://reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/106383486 (date of application: 03/1/2024).
  7. Verdict of the Volodymyretskyi District Court of Rivne Region dated July 18, 2022 in case No. 556/752/22. URL: https://reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/105316223 (date of application: 03/1/2024).
  8. Verdict of the Volodymyretskyi District Court of Rivne Region dated August 2, 2022 in case No. 556/1389/22. URL: https://reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/105560414 (date of application: 03/1/2024).
  9. Verdict of the Kuznetsov City Court of Rivne Region dated August 28, 2023 in case No. 565/579/23. URL: https://reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/113052175 (date of application: 03/1/2024).
  10. Verdict of the Rokytnivskyi District Court of Rivne Region dated November 1, 2023 in case No. 571/1329/23. URL: https://reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/114582667 (date of application: 03/1/2024).
  11. Verdict of the Kivertsivskyi District Court of Volyn Region dated May 24, 2021 in case No. 158/1245/21. URL: https://reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/97118190 (date of application: 03/1/2024).
  12. Criminal liability for illegal mining in Ukraine: monograph / O. O. Dudorov, M. V. Komarnytskyi, D. O. Kalmykov; edited by O. O. Dudorov, V. M. Komarnytskyi. Sumy: RVV LDUVS named after E. O. Didorenko, 2016. 567 p.
  13. Dudorov O. O., Movchan R. O. Minerals as the subject of a crime provided for in Article 240 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine: analysis of legislative novelties. Scientific Bulletin of the International Humanitarian University. Jurisprudence Series. 2022. No. 55. pp. 58–64.
  14. Movchan RO, Vozniuk AA, Kamensky DV, Dudorov OO, Andrushko AV Problems of criminal liability for illegal amber mining in Ukraine.  Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2021. No. 6. P. 113–117.
  15. Criminal Code of Ukraine. Control text of the draft (as of 02/25/2024). URL: https://newcriminalcode.org.ua/upload/media/2024/02/26/kontrolnyj-tekst-proyektu-kk-25-02-2024.pdf (access date: 03/1/2024).
  16. Turlova Yu. A., Polishchuk HS Certain topical issues of criminalization of illegal amber mining. Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2020. No. 5. P. 122–128.
  17. Dudorov O. O., Kamensky D. V. Significant damage as a criminal sign of illegal fishing, animal or other water-based fishing: problems of interpretation and improvement of criminal law. Bulletin of the Luhansk State University of Internal Affairs named after E. O. Didorenko. 2022. Issue 1. Pp. 31–49.
  18. Dudorov O. O., Movchan R. O., Pysmensky E. O. Criminal and legal protection of forests in Ukraine: monograph. Kyiv: Norma prava, 2023. 520 p.
  19. Ermolaeva T. V., Pravnyk S. O., Maksimova E. D. Modern problems of legal regulation of amber extraction. Legal scientific electronic journal. 2021. No. 10. Pp. 282–285.
  20. Lebid I. V. Reaction to illegal amber mining: European experience. Scientific notes. Series: Law . 2023. Issue 14. Pp. 138–143.
  21. Mitrofanov I. I. Illegal amber trafficking as an environmental crime. Bulletin of the Southern Regional Center of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine . 2020. No. 23. pp. 50–57.
  22. Resolution of the panel of judges of the Third Judicial Chamber of the Cassation Criminal Court of the Supreme Court of January 18, 2023 in case No. 723/5055/21: https://reyestr.court.gov.ua/Review/108582830.